SWR: Charles Muscatine: Great Chaucer Scholar and Vineyard Owner

Claude Kolm

Claude Kolm
Charles Muscatine, one of the very great scholars, is dead, as the obit below states. I knew him (and his wife, the late Doris who did quite a bit of writing on food in the 1960s-1980s +/-) through the now-defunct Berkeley Wine and Food Society. Ridge Vineyards used to make a stellar Park Muscatine Zinfandel from a vineyard that Charles owned.

March 20, 2010
Charles Muscatine, Chaucer Scholar, Dies at 89

By WILLIAM GRIMES
Charles Muscatine, a scholar who transformed Chaucer studies by turning attention to the French models for Chaucers poetry, and who pursued a side career as an educational reformer after becoming embroiled in the Free Speech Movement at the University of California, Berkeley, died on March 12 in Oakland, Calif. He was 89 and lived in Berkeley.

The cause was a lung infection, his daughter, Lissa, said.

Mr. Muscatines Chaucer and the French Tradition: A Study in Style and Meaning, published by the University of California Press in 1957, remains an essential work for understanding one of Englands greatest poets. Expanding his inquiries beyond the traditional source studies, Mr. Muscatine rejected the widely held view of Chaucer as a poet who had progressed from stilted conventionalism to a robust, purely English realism. Rather, Mr. Muscatine described an artist who had shaped to his own uses the themes and devices he found in the courtly and bourgeois poetry that developed in France in the 12th and 13th centuries.

It remains astonishingly undated, said David Lawton, the executive director of the New Chaucer Society. The sheer quality of Muscatines reading continues to set an almost impossibly high standard, and virtually single-handedly he opened up Chaucer studies to France and Chaucers secular, French heritage. There has been a huge growth in this field, most of it following along the routes he made.

Student unrest at Berkeley in the 1960s created a new role for Mr. Muscatine, who had begun teaching at the campus in 1948. During the Free Speech Movement, as students staged sit-ins and demonstrations to protest restrictions on political speech on university property, he played a leading role in mediating between students and the university administration.

His sympathy for student demands over free-speech issues came from hard experience. In 1949 he and 30 other professors, invoking the principal of academic freedom, refused to sign an anti-Communist loyalty oath then newly required by the State of California. Mr. Muscatine was fired and regained his job only after the California Supreme Court ruled that the oath was unconstitutional.

After the immediate crisis on campus had subsided, Mr. Muscatine was asked to lead a faculty committee charged with proposing educational reforms at the university. Education at Berkeley, published in 1966, quickly became known as the Muscatine Report and attracted widespread attention for the boldness of its plans to encourage nontraditional courses and break down interdisciplinary barriers.

Although 16 of its 42 proposals were adopted by the faculty senate, most failed to take hold. Within a few years the appetite for radical change had abated. Faculties are ready to sit on their private concerns again, Mr. Muscatine said in 1972.

Seizing the initiative, Mr. Muscatine helped found the Collegiate Seminar Program, better known as Strawberry Creek College, an experimental program at the university that he directed in the 1970s. Its ideas later became influential in community colleges and experimental universities around the country that follow the learning community model.

Charles Samuel Muscatine was born on Nov. 28, 1920, in Brooklyn, N.Y., and grew up in Trenton. After earning a bachelors degree in English from Yale in 1941 and a masters degree in 1942, he enlisted in the Navy. He took part in landing operations in North Africa and Salerno, Italy. He was given the Navy Commendation Medal for his bravery during the D-Day landings at Omaha Beach in Normandy, France.

In 1948 he received his doctorate in English from Yale and joined Berkeleys English department as an assistant professor specializing in medieval literature. After losing his job, he taught at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Conn., returning to Berkeley in 1954 after the court ruling on the loyalty oath. He retired in 1991.

His wife, the former Doris Corn, died in 2006. His daughter, Lissa, a speechwriter and senior adviser for Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, lives in Bethesda, Md. He is also survived by a son, Jeffrey, of Mountain View, Calif., and six grandchildren.

In addition to his pioneering study of Chaucers French sources, Mr. Muscatine published Poetry and Crisis in the Age of Chaucer (1972), The Old French Fabliaux (1986) and Medieval Literature, Style and Culture (1999), an essay collection.

Strongly committed to undergraduate teaching, unlike many of his tenured colleagues, he collaborated with Marlene Griffith on two works used widely in introductory English courses, The Borzoi College Reader (1966) and First Person Singular (1973). He continued to agitate for reform in undergraduate education; in 2009 the University of Virginia Press published his Fixing College Education: A New Curriculum for the 21st Century.
 
I thought Warrington, amongst others, had debated Chaucer's influences extensively in the decade immediately after the war (i.e. before Muscatine's book). Am going through the version of T&C edited by aforementioned; quite a ride.

Claude - thanks.
 
What a fascinating sounding guy. Reading the obit makes me wonder how he got into owning a vineyard. Did he manage it as well?
 
AFAIK, Charles enjoyed wine but was not a total geek. His wife Doris was probably the more interested of the two. Nevertheless, I'm making a relative comparison to some of Charles's other Berkeley Wine and Food peers in the 1950s-1980s who were seriously into wine and spent a lot of time visiting vineyards in Europe and even did their own importing. Some of them had truly amazing cellars (see, e.g., Hugh Johnson's memoirs where he talks about "the doctors," all of whom were members of the BWFS). The BWFS also included winemakers such as Paul Draper and Ric Forman, and other writers about food and restaurateurs (e.g., Narsi David). It had its own cellar that it would use for dinners it held approximately four times a year. One of the first such dinners I attended in the mid-1980s included a double magnum of 1959 Lafite and 1959 Cos d'Estournel (from 750 ml bottles), among other wines. The cellar also had a bunch of old Stony Hill Chardonnay and Riesling (I'm fairly certain that Fred and Elinor McCrea at one time were members). Ah, memories.
 
It faded away. In the 1950s-60s-70s, people with kids could belong to organizations such as that and take one weekday evening a month to be away. In the 1980s, that proved not to be the case, for a variety of reasons. As a result, young single people would join, but then leave when they started a family, and so membership diminished. Also, by the late-1980s/early 1990s, who needed to taste wine for his/herself and discuss it with others -- that's what RMP and WS were for? The BWFS disbanded in the mid-1990s (I don't recall the exact date).

The article on social organizations in the University of California/Sotheby Book of Wine (of which Doris Muscatine was a co-editor), published in 1984, discusses briefly the BWFS and notes: "Its membership includes many professional winemakers, wine sellers, restaurateurs, and wine and food writers. More academic and intellectual than most, its emphasis is on tastings rather than on more social events. It limits itself to thirty-six men and women members, a multiple of nine, the number than can conveniently taste from a bottle fo wine . . . ." If my memory serves correctly, the BWFS left the International Wine and Food Society (we're talking 1950s-1960s, i.e., well before my time) because the IWFS would not admit women as members.
 
ah Narsai David - he made a merlot in the 84 vintage that was quite good (I was already on record with my favorite wine retail salesperson as disliking merlot-based wines - mostly Bordeaux was my experience - because they were "all over my mouth" - I hadn't yet learned the terms "soft" or "unstructured") and very unusual for CA wine. AT some point in the mid to late 90s, I served my last bottle - blind - to Robert Callahan! Nervy, I know. He immediately suspected he was drinking CA wine - but claimed it was one of the few of the CA wines he'd tried that he actually liked. I'd say maybe he was just being nice - but that's not our Callahan.

The wine had mountains of sediment - sloughed off the sides.
 
Back
Top