Casanova and natural wine

Cole Kendall

Cole Kendall
Having started reading him in Italian class (in translation from the original French) I have become addicted to Casanova's endless life story "Histoire de ma vie". The relatively recent French edition (Bouquins) uses the mostly original manuscript that was finally made public. In any event, I was curious about this bit, which takes place shortly after Casanova goes to London in 1763.

[my translation of the first bit...easier for me to type without a French keyboard]

I tried to get used to beer but I had to give it up after eight days. The bitterness that it left with me was unbearable. The wine merchant that Bosanquet had given me furnished me with

des vins de France excellents, parce qu'ils étaient naturels mais je devais les lui payer chers.

[excellent French wines, because they were natural, but I had to pay him dearly for them]

Does anyone have an idea what he means by "naturel"?

The question is a bit complex because Casanova's French is far from perfect and he often uses "italianisms" that the French editors carefully point out (e.g., l'homme que fait X instead of l'homme qui, the former which is perfectly correct in Italian "l'uomo che fa X").

One more bit that amused me: People laughed when I said that I ate at home because in the taverns they did not serve soup. They asked me if I was sick. The Englishman is a "criofage" [his invented word for mutton eater]. He barely eats any bread and he thinks he is economizing from what he saves in not spending on soup and dessert; this made me say that the English dinner had no beginning and no end. Soup is considered to be a great expense because the servants themselves do not want to eat the beef that the bouillon is made from. They say that it is only good for feeding dogs.
 
Thanks Jeff that was a nice piece; Casanova talks about wine (and food) a lot. He was more or less constantly in motion (one step ahead of various authorities) across Europe for decades and has interesting things to say about how he ate and drank.

While he clearly invented some fraction of his stories, the food and wine writing seems mostly believable and the bit about natural wine was curious.
 
originally posted by Cole Kendall:
originally posted by MarkS:
Natural="unadulterated"

What do you think adulterated means in this context? I assume the wines were shipped to England in barrel, right?

I wonder if the adulteration of that era might have been pine pitch a la what we see in Retsina today? I've read that for many centuries people expected their wine to taste of pitch because of the historical use of pitch to seal amphorae in the days before wood cooperage.

Mark Lipton
 
originally posted by Cole Kendall:
originally posted by MarkS:
Natural="unadulterated"

What do you think adulterated means in this context? I assume the wines were shipped to England in barrel, right?

If the context were 19th century English, adulterated would mean watered down, probably, a thing that did happen to French wine. I do not know about this context, though. I'm also not sure that Casanova did mean unadulterated, though I really don't know what he might have meant.
 
originally posted by Cole Kendall:
originally posted by MarkS:
Natural="unadulterated"

What do you think adulterated means in this context? I assume the wines were shipped to England in barrel, right?

I'm thinking that many goods prior to mass-market consumer goods stood a good chance of being adulterated somewhere along the chain as a way to increase the value to the SELLER, just enough to make a better profit on.
 
originally posted by Keith Levenberg:
"Natural" as it was in use in that time period would have simply meant unfortified.

But this was pre-sulfur, right? So natural could have gone off very quickly, and would these be available far from the source of production?
 
originally posted by MarkS:
originally posted by Keith Levenberg:
"Natural" as it was in use in that time period would have simply meant unfortified.

But this was pre-sulfur, right? So natural could have gone off very quickly, and would these be available far from the source of production?
Sulfur in winemaking goes back all the way to ancient Rome. But sure, wine was as fragile then as now, so it's pretty amazing when you think about it that there even was an international wine trade with 18C technology.
 
Quick follow-up that may more or less resolve the situation. Casanova meets a young Portuguese woman in London who describes her difficulties in London (she was running away from an impending forced marriage to a man she detested in Portugal):

"I was eating very little and not being able to endure the beer, I drank water. The wine of Oporto that is excellent there is expensive and bad here." The editors note that the wine of Porto was often "frelaté" in England, meaning adulterated, presumably in contrast to the naturel wine that Casanova was drinking.
 
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