originally posted by Jeff Grossman:
originally posted by Levi Dalton:
Heavy limestone, granitic, sand, or volcanic soils give wines that seem to our palates exotic in comparison...
Chalk! Tufa!
It isn't so undervalued now...
Indeed, I like wine from Ghemme.
I think Parker was a clay guy, for instance. Clay attributes are the standard reference markers for what we think of as a normal wine today, in my opinion.
His inheritors seem to like volcanic soils: I looked up the makers' sites to see what they say about the soils underlying
the ten 100-point wines of Issue 233:
- Aubert/CIX: "very white soil that looks like sea salt"
- Aubert/Lauren: "The gravelly Goldridge soil"
- Aubert/UV-SL: no mention
- Colgin/Tychson: "a rocky east-facing slope containing some of the rarest volcanic soil in Napa Valley, known as Aiken Very Stony Loam"
- Colgin/IX: "it is nestled in hillsides of rocky volcanic soils"
- Dominus/Napanook: "volcanic, well draining soils"
- Eisele: "this 38-acre vineyard is planted on well-drained cobbly soils"
- Morlet/Beckstaffer-To Kalon: "Gravelly, loamy and clayish deep soil"
- Morlet/Sonoma: "Goldridge and volcanic mélange"
- Peter Michael/blend of three vineyards: "shallow rocky soils", "thicker soils and an eastern facing exposure", and "Rocky volcanic-origin Rhyolite"
Did you mean this kind of thing or more like everyday wines?
Jeff,
This can be a difficult discussion to have, because there is a lot of imprecision in the language often used, and because there is an extensive amount of travel that is required to have some direct knowledge of the areas. In terms of language, one problem is that wine writers will often switch mentions without clarifying between topsoil and what might be referred to as bedrock or mother soil. Another is that what the words imply can be opaque. Another is that there are terms which geologists use that are different from what lay persons (such as wine writers) use.
To briefly take up some of your points, without spending all day on it because I have other things to do:
You may not realize that chalk is a kind of limestone. You may not realize how loaded of a term "tufa" is, and how many different meanings that particular word can bring with it, in terms of soil types that differ. You may not realize that "loam" is clay and sand together (sometimes with silt).
You are perhaps thinking that Ghemme is a place that has a lot of clay and is the basis of what my next post took up, which is that clay and top wines are synonymous. I was referring to these regions when I was saying that clay and top wines are synonymous:
Pomerol: clay (with gravel and sand off or outlying on the plateau)
Saint-Emilion: clay/limestone for the best wine, sand/gravel for the lesser wines
Burgundy's Cote d'Or: clay/limestone
Chateauneuf-du-Pape's La Crau plateau: clay/sand/limestone covered with large stones
Barolo: clay/limestone
Valpolicella's Negrar Valley (where Quintarelli is): clay/limestone
Bolgheri: clay, clay/sand, sand
Abruzzo: clay/limestone
Marche: clay/limestone
Rioja: clay, clay/limestone, or alluvial (depending on the sub-region)
Barossa Valley: red clay and loam
Willamette Valley: clay and sedimentary or clay and volcanic
Napa Valley floor: predominantly loam (clay and sand), with some alluvial and volcanic
What I am saying is that clay and the great wines of the world are synonymous. Clay is dominant or a key dance partner is most of what we think of as the great wines that are sought after. That is why I said clay is far from undervalued today in the wine world.
When I said Parker, I actually meant Parker the man, not the current lineup of critics working at The Wine Advocate. Parker liked the sort of fullness in the mouth and the deep character, the solidity in the palate that one gets with clay based wines. The problem, and this had all kinds of ramifications, is that he didn't like the rustic tannins that could also come along with clay based wines, and trying to refine those tannins often led producers to higher ripeness (which meant higher alcohol). That is a clay issue. If Parker had preferred wines based on sand, we might have had a whole different curve to the predominant issues of winemaking in the 1980s and 1990s. Parker would have been noting perfume and lifted aromatics, while the fine tannins would have been a given. Own-rooted vines would have figured more prominently in his discussions, perhaps.
If you go back and look at the list of wines that you highlighted, and you really get into what is underlying in those wines, I believe that you will find clay to be a key component. For instance: "Goldridge" = loam, and loam = clay and sand together.
Perhaps go on a deep dive into what is out there in the soil types of the wine world, you might really enjoy it. I have. At the same time, I don't want to try to pass myself off as an expert in this field, as I am not a geologist.